CAIRNS TO THURSDAY IS, TORRES STRAITS

July 12- 23,  2014  Cairns to Horn Is

We spent a little over two weeks in Cairns and really enjoyed it.  It is a lovely city with wrought iron overhangs and balconies that are reminiscent of New Orleans.  It has a beautiful maritime walkway with parks and tropical birds nesting in the trees.  Their sound at night is deafening as they vie for roosting rights.  It is a maritime city and yachting center.  All repairs can be undertaken at its many shipyards and yacht facilities.  The ethnic mix is largely SE Asian, Japanese, Chinese and Aborigines.  The approach to Cairns has many islands that are designated Aboriginal land and areas of the coastal mainland have been designated aboriginal territory.  One has to seek permission to land and visit these areas.

It is the first city where one sees an aboriginal presence and many Torres Strait Islanders.  While we were there they had an Aboriginal Culture and Awareness Festival at one of the spacious parks in the city.  We saw Torres Strait Islanders dancing and recreating scenes from their past.  Sadly, there just isn’t that much left of the past to carry on into the future.  Also, there was an International Ukulele Festival that brought the most famous musicians from distant places.

One of the only things that Cairns lacks is a beach.  The River and approaches are mud flats and shoals.  These are extensive and a channel has been dredged through them for access to the port.  To make up for this deficiency, the City has made a beautiful lagoon type swimming pool that children and adults can enjoy.  The River harbors crocodiles so any swimming there is out of the question.  We are now entering a part of North Queensland that has extensive mangrove fringed reefs and beaches.  It’s quite surprising how these mangroves can survive and flourish in a salt water environment.

So we departed Cairns on July 12^th for Thursday Island in the Torres Straits:  450 nm North.  Cairns is the last major city on the Queensland coast.  In fact, it’s the last of anything including telephone and internet access.  The Great Barrier Reef starts to close in closer to shore but the shipping lanes are well marked with light houses and reef markers.  Navigationally, it’s not difficult and we are able to sail without motoring.  Most “yachties” try to day-hop and anchor at night.  It becomes increasingly more difficult to find suitable anchorages that aren’t rolly or uncomfortable. Some all-nighters are inevitable to reach a good safe anchorage.  I have never minded sailing at night other than the fact that it’s lonely, damp and chilly.

The coast from Cairns to Cooktown has great tropical beauty and ruggedness.  The mountains come right to the sea bringing their rainforests close enough for the sailor to see.  This is high mountainous land with no access whatsoever.  Much of it has been designated a National Park and the Aborigines have traditional land claims upon it.  Many of the areas on the map show “All Aboriginal Land”.  As we sail further North, the Great Barrier Reef undergoes a change from continental islands surrounded by reefs to low lying coral reefs.  The first has hills and solid land while the second is coral fringed with or without  mangroves.  Many are only visible during low tide.  Given their shape and geographical position, some provide a lee during developed Trade Winds.  The Trade Winds are starting to blow out of the SE with regularity 15-25 kts.  There are days when the WX forecast gives a strong wind warning with the Trades blowing 30-35 kts.  Because we are sailing downwind, 20-25 kts of wind on the stern is not unpleasant and the Great Barrier Reef keeps most swell out.  The only swell is a wind generated one by the Trade Winds.  If they drop, the seas go down quickly.  Mostly, we are sailing with a 5-7’ following sea.  This downwind sailing is quite relaxing.  We have been carrying only a “headsail” and making 6+ kts effortlessly as long as the wind stays above 15 kts which keeps the sail full and drawing.  Another way is to sail “wing and wing” which means that the Mainsail is carried on the lee side and the jib or headsail is poled out on the windward side to keep it full and drawing.  Having the mainsail out gives more speed but complicates matters when it comes to tacking and course changes.  I prefer the headsail but, when long distance voyaging without course changes, “wing and wing” is the better option.

As we sail North and the Trade Winds increase in strength and regularity, we will arrive in the Torres Straits witch, reputedly, is one of the windiest places in the world.

July 12, 2013 Saturday

The first night out of Cairns we spent at Low Islets (16-22.8’ S x 145-33.7’ E).  These are about 35 nm Nw of Cairns and provide a reasonable over night anchorage.  We found the anchorage to be “rolly” but well protected.  Wind like water has fluid characteristics.  Whenever a well developed Trade Wind is blowing from the SE, an easterly swell will develop and come around into the anchorages even though they are well protected from the SE.  Additionally, the current will set the vessel beam on to this easterly swell and make it uncomfortable.  The ideal is to find a deep indentation in a reef, island or land that will protect you from this easterly swell.  It is those places that the yachtsman seeks out and, usually, finds another yacht there.

July 13, 2014 Sunday  Cape Bedford 118 nm North of Cairns

In 1770, Captain Cook on his vessel “Endurance” made a preliminary survey of the North Queensland Coast and named many of the capes and anchorages that we will be passing.  He was an extraordinary navigator and seaman and one is awed by his accuracy of positions for the time period.

We weighed anchor at 0912 hrs and set sail for Cape Bedford (15-14.1’ S x 145-17.8’ E) which is 70 nm NW of the Low Islets.  The winds were from the SE at 15 kts with a 3-4 ft sea.  Cape Bedford provides a secure anchorage in shoaling water with very good holding.  It is unique along the North Queensland Coast for its escarpment which wraps around a conspicuous plateau.  This area is designated “aboriginal land” and belongs to the Hope Vale Aborigines.  It’s a scenic area with sandy beaches and totally desolate other than the aboriginal settlement further inland.  These aborigines were Christianized by Pastor Swartz, who took over the mission station at eighteen years of age after his predecessor was eaten. He lived among the Hope Vale Aborigines for sixty years.  There were and still are no communications on this part of the coast. We arrived at 2130 hrs and dropped anchor in quiet part of the bay in 24 ft of water on a muddy bottom.  It’s interesting that many of the reefs and mainland anchorages have sandy beaches or coral but muddy bottoms mixed with sand and shells that provide excellent holding.  During the night the Trade Winds developed into a near gale and started to blow 25 kts gusting to 30 kts.  We remained in the anchorage for the following day.

July 15, 2014 Tuesday  Cape Bedford to Cape Flattery  25 nm

At 1200 hrs the wind started to ease so we heaved up anchor and set sail for Cape Flattery (14-57.2’ S x 145-18.4’ E) which is about 25 nm North from Cape Bedford.  It’s another secure anchorage with good holding.  There is a Japanese – owned silica sand strip mining operation off this cape.  They have been mining the silica sand since 1968 so there  are general facilities at their community plus telephone and internet communications.  As it worked out, this was the last outpost where we were able to the Australian telephone company “Telstra” for accessing the internet.  There is nothing outstanding about Cape Flattery other than the possibility of going ashore to the Japanese commissary or making a telephone call.

July 16, 2014 Wednesday  Cape Flattery to Ninian Bay 60 nm

We got underway at 0730 hrs this morning for Ninian Bay (14-20.9’ S x 144-36.0’ E).  It’s just another stop on the Northward voyage to the Torres Straits.  There is nothing remarkable about this bay other than the fact that, in addition to the muddy bottoms, we start to experience dense sea grass. Where this is found there will be Dugongs.  These are the Australian and South Pacific version of the Manatee.  On some of the South Pacific islands they are still hunted for food but protected in Australia.  We didn’t see any.  We caught a 6 lb Spanish Mackerel today on a local plug we bought in Bowen.

July 17, 2014  Thursday    Ninian Bay to Cape Melville and Bathhurst Head in Princess Charlotte Bay.

We heaved up anchor at 1012 hrs today for a relatively short sail to Cape Melville.  It was a beautiful day for sailing with SE Trades at 20 kts with 4 ft seas astern.  Upon entering Bathurst Bay, which is a Dugong Sanctuary, the sailing was so great in the bay that we decided to sail on to Bathurst Head  (14-16.2’ S x 144-11.3’ E) which is about 15 nm in the next bay which is called Princess Charlotte Bay.  A unique feature of Cape Melville is that it consists of hugh boulders stacked upon each other. At 1715 hrs we dropped anchor near an aboriginal settlement but still well offshore because of the shoaling water.  It was a very peaceful night at the anchorage with very little wind.  The following day we would find out why.

July 18, 2014  Friday    Bathurst Head (Princess Charlotte Bay) to Morris Island 60 nm.

We got an early start this morning  because we had to make 60 nm, hopefully, before nightfall.  The winds were very light from the South – Southeast: less than 10 kts.  At first, I thought it was because we were in the wind shadow of the mountains but things didn’t improve as we made slow progress out of the bay.  We ghosted along at 2-3 kts for several hours and then at 1230 hrs the wind died out completely so we were becalmed.  Just before that we caught another 6 lb Spanish Mackerel.  These fish are good eating!!  I started reviewing Alan Lucas’ “Cruising The Coral Coast” and found the following comment: “Being at the bottom of Princess Charlotte Bay from where there is nearly one hundred miles of land to the windward (during a southeast trade wind), the area experiences a form of ‘inland weather’.  That is, the trade wind will lift almost completely by late evening so that the entire night is calm or, at the most, caressed by a light southerly.  And this is true even when there is a strong wind blowing with gusts reaching 30 knots on the coast.”

We stayed becalmed until 1454 hrs when the wind came up out of the East at 10 kts and then veered into the ESE to 20-25.  We didn’t make Morris Island (13-29.3’ S x 143-43.3’ E) until 2242 hrs at night.  I would have been a delightful island to walk around but time constraints to reach the Torres Straits by July 25^th necessitated a miss on this one.

July 19, 2014  Saturday   Morris Island to Night Island  21 nm

We heaved up anchor at 0812 and got underway to Night Island which is only 21 nm North.  Another great day of sailing with the Trades blowing 15-20 kts and seas running about 6 ft on the stern.  Night Island (13-10.7’ S x 143-34.4’ E) is a peanut- shaped mangrove cay that offers fair protection against the Trades.  It has a resident population of Torres Island pigeons which fly in from the mainland (only 3 nm away), at dusk, by the thousands.  The whole island vibrates with the cacophony of these birds which are all white with black-tipped wings.  With the haunted ‘hooing’ sound of the birds and a beautiful sunset, it was a great evening to be there.  One of the reasons for not going ashore in these remote places is that they are crocodile infested.  We have a an inflatable dinghy and ‘crocs’ have attacked these in the past.  These animals are protected under Australian law and haven’t been hunted since the early 1970’s so they are on the increase and one has to be cautious.  They seem to have no problem swimming 20 to 30 nm offshore and inhabiting the reefs and mangroves that are found there.

July 20, 2014  Sunday   Night Island to Portland Roads  42 nm

We got underway this morning at 0800 hrs enroute to Portland Roads (12-35.6’ S x 143-24.4’ E).  It’s a small outpost of Europeans about 150 nm south of Thursday Is.  A moderate to strong Trade Wind sends an easterly swell into the bay which causes various degrees of rolling.  We were lucky that the Trades were only blowing about 15 kts so we had very little rolling.  Once again, we didn’t go ashore since there is very little there: a sailor needs a bar to be enticed to go ashore!  We’re starting to get near the goal post of the Torres Straits.

July 21, 2014  Monday  Portland Roads to Cape Grenville   50 nm

0700 hrs:  up with the anchor and off to Cape Grenville (11-57.4’ S x 143-12.1’ E).  The Trades are blowing 15-20 kts with 6 ft seas and the sailing is thrilling.  This a safe and secure anchorage which adds comfort and ease to the voyaging sailor.  It will be one of the last secure anchorages before making the Escape River about 72 nm to the North.  Dropped anchor in Margaret Bay (Cape Grenville) at 1600 hrs in 20 ft water depth with 110 ft chain out.

July22, 2014  Tuesday  Cape Grenville to Mount Adolphus Is 90 nm

We decided to get a really early start this morning to make the Escape River before dark.  With that in mind we got underway at 0100 hrs in the wee hrs of the morning.  So far we have spearheaded the Sail2Indonesia Fleet because we left Cairns a few days earlier but they have caught up with us and we are travelling in a staggered out pattern together.  This 0100 hrs departure is not to compete but to have a relaxing sail to the Escape River.  We arrived at the entrance to the Escape River at 1230 hrs, and much to my dismay, found that the River was still ebbing.  WE had strong Trades at 20-25 kts and 7’ seas so I didn’t want to go across the bar which has reduced depths and should never be crossed during an ebb.  With this in mind, I decided to continue on to Mt Adolphus Island (10-38.3’ S x 142-38.7’ E) which is about 20 nm to the North and offers good protection and water depth.  We are now entering the Torres Straits where the tidal streams are strong and when they set against a developed Trade Wind the seas heap up to 8-10 ft.  So it was for a while but then I came in on the flood and started to make 7.0 kts.  At 1648 hrs we crossed over the top of Australia at Latitude 10-42.9’ S x 142-39.1’ E).  That’s a long haul to get here!  We dropped anchor at Mt. Adolphus anchorage(10-38.3’ S x 142-38.7’ E) at 1748 hrs and watched a beautiful sunset with a ‘ green flash’.  Most people think this is something extraordinary but the fact is that once one starts to observe sunsets they are quite frequent.  It all depends on atmospheric conditions.

July 23, 2014  Wednesday   Mt. Adolphus Island to Horn Island (10-35.8’ S x 142-14.4’ E).  Everything here is now a matter of calculating tides and tidal streams.  There is a height difference between the Coral Sea to the East and the Arafura Sea to the West.  The Torres Straits are a fulcrum point between these tidal differences and undergo big tidal swings with currents in excess of 8 kts at times although the average is about 3-5 kts.  With this in mind, we got underway at 0730 hrs with a flood tide and light  SE’ly winds 10-15 kts.  A really beautiful sail in perfect conditions for entering Horn Is.  Port Kennedy on Thursday Is is the main port and administrative center for the Torres Strait Islands, however, it is exposed to the Trades so all vessels anchor over on Horn Island which offers a lee and calm conditions.  That is where we are at enjoying peaceful conditions in an anchorage that has 4 kts of current ripping through it.  Everyone carries a VHF handheld radio when motoring in the dinghy to the dock and back: just in case the motor quits.

Thursday Is isn’t much:  a small town with a few supermarkets,  stores and restaurants.  Since it is the administrative center for Northern Australia, the clearing out process is done here.  We will do this on Monday July 28 for Saumlaki, Indonesia: 670 nm West.  We plan on heaving up anchor around 1100 hrs and depart on the flood tide.  We will not have internet for posting until we find something in Indonesia.

The Torres Strait Islanders are an interesting mixture of Micronesian, Melanisian, Japanese and Caucasian.  Their colors range from light brown to Papua New Guinea Black.  In truth, their culture has been destroyed and they retain only the remnants of an ancestral past.  They are good seamen and fishermen.  The pearling and trochus shelling industry was  active here until the late 60’s.  The islands abound in lobster and other kinds of fish.  There is a ferry that that carries passengers from Horn Is to Thursday Is every 45 minutes and costs about $ 14 US.  Horn Is has almost nothing other than fueling, water, a small grocery store and, most importantly, a pub.

The Sail2Indonesia Fleet is anchored here and most will depart on Monday 28 July or Tuesday 29 July.  For the next 6 days communications will be on Sailmail.

Saumlaki, Indonesia :  7-59.0 S x 131-18’ E.